"
KHARTOUM Andre Ethier Jersey , Aug. 14 (Xinhua) -- Wooden boats in Sudan are still favored today as a means to cross the Nile River, particularly during seasonal flooding of the Nile, when levels of the river rise as a natural cycle since ancient times.
The islanders and fishermen heavily depend on these traditional boats to transport their goods and personal belongings across the river, as the region is entering a season of Nile flooding.
Wooden boats building is still enduring in Sudan, namely on the shores of the Nile at Abu Raouf area of Omdurman city.
The wooden boats, locally known as ""Marakib,"" has a long history in Sudan, where they used to be the only means to cross the Nile, and transport passengers and commodities, not to mention their use in fishing.
""I have been building wooden boats since 1955. These boats constitute a heritage for Sudan and their industry is still popular despite emergence of modern steel boats,"" said Al-Haj Hussein Nasr Mohamed, a Sudanese builder of wooden boats, who believes the wooden boats ""will never end"" in Sudan despite the spreading of modern transportation.
""Steel boats cannot compete with wooden boats because the latter is cheaper. Additionally, wooden boats can endure the factors of nature and do not rust because they are made of wood,"" he noted.
The wooden boats are flexible with the ability to withstand the wind and fluctuation of the weather, pointing out that the price of a wooden boat is less than 2,000 Sudanese pounds (around 100 U.S. dollars).
He added that ""Islanders and fishermen are greatly connected to wooden boats because they have remained their means to transport their commodities during this time each year.""
The wooden boats are built of al-Sunnut, or acacia wood, which is brought from areas of the White Nile in South Sudan, Al-Haj Mohamed said, adding that the building of a boat could take a month.
""It is not an easy task, where we begin with preparing the wood into forms of plates, then we make the general structure of the boat which is composed of the floor, the front, locally known as al-Muqadima, and the rear, locally known as al-Daraga (the shield) and finally the wooden plates are plastered to complete the body of the boat,"" he said.
He explained that boats are built as required in terms of length, width, height, size and purpose, noting that the builder must have an accumulative experience to complete the work with accuracy.
""Fishing boats are usually five to six meters in length, passenger boats 10 to 12 meters and commodity boats 15 to 20 meters,"" he said.
""We build wooden boats for all areas of Sudan. We have boats that sail to the far north of Sudan and the White Nile areas in central Sudan. We even have boats that are now present in South Sudan,"" he said.
Scientific ship Kexue starts to explore west of Pacific Ocean
Torrential rain sweeps parts of Guangxi, S China
""Comfort women"" statues installed on buses in Seoul
Never stop trying, Usain Bolt tells younger generation
Weekly choices of Xinhua photo (Aug. 5 - Aug. 11)
Highlights of multinational drill in Georgia
People mark national Fitness Day around China
Aerial view of Gula Town in S China
" An old joke states that without software, the computer is simply an expensive paperweight, but to reflect the real status it should have targeted the user interface instead of programming. Any product or service is of little value if the target user can not understand how to interact with it. Even computer programmers have this issue with other applications with which they are unfamiliar, unless they and the author have had UML training.
In 1997, three computer scientists introduced the first version of uniform modeling language, with the purpose of providing a standardized notation methodology for all application authors. Since then it has steadily gained acceptance, and as more programmers become familiar with it there is a good probability it will become the standard. The motivation is that by having a universally understood notation set, collaboration and cross functional understanding will be much easier.
A number of diagrams are used in this unique language, much as there are many tools used to simplify quality management ideas. The use-case diagram is effective at displaying how the functional pieces of a program work together. It demonstrates in graphic manner what functions are necessary fort he application and how they should be structured for efficiency and effectiveness.
Another important area of information is included within the notion of a class diagram. This is a depiction of how specific and unique entities relate to each other. The entities can refer to things, people or even data and reflect how people normally envision a process. This diagram documents in basic form how the subjects in a process are intertwined.
Understanding the end goal and the initial state help the designer understand the direction the program will head. Diagramming how it gets from the start to completion requires a sequential depiction which is called a sequence diagram. Step by step diagramming ensures there is continuity of purpose and direction throughout the program.
Especially for detailed programs, it is critical to know what state the class object is in at each node, which will then result in a functional direction change. Following the logic of the application is simple with a state chart diagram, which reflects what has happened to the class object so the next process can be determined. It also gives a visual perspective to the range of options the program affords at each node.
Although the purpose of the diagrams is simplicity, it is rare that an application will have only a single object or class of objects as its target. Activity diagrams address th. Jose Fonte Portugal Jersey Morgan Schneiderlin France Jersey Marcus Rashford England Jersey Marcelo Brozovic Croatia Jersey Juan Guillermo Cuadrado Colombia Jersey Renato Augusto Brazil Jersey Romelu Lukaku Belgium Jersey Matias Kranevitter Argentina Jersey Luis Suarez Uruguay Jersey Valon Behrami Switzerland Jersey